Archeologists discover 3,000 year old pyramid from the Late Bronze Age

Deep in the vast steppes of Central Asia, archaeologists have uncovered a remarkable ancient structure—a pyramid over 3,000 years old.

Hidden along the Taldy River in Kazakhstan’s Karaganda region, this monument, known as the Pyramid of Karazhartas, sheds light on a civilization that once thrived in the Late Bronze Age.

The Begazy-Dandibay culture, which built this structure, flourished in central Kazakhstan during this period. These semi-sedentary people mastered metallurgy and relied on animal husbandry. Their ability to trade metals across Eurasia fueled economic prosperity and gave rise to a powerful aristocratic class.

Historians and archaeologists leading the excavation believe the pyramid was a mausoleum for one of these elite figures. "This is one of the most remarkable monuments of the Begazy-Dandibay culture," said historian Serhan Cinar, who co-leads the project with archaeologist Aybar Kasenali.

Their team, working with the Kazakh National Museum, has uncovered evidence that suggests the structure played a key role in the region’s social hierarchy.

The excavation, conducted by the Sary Arka Archaeological Expedition of Karaganda University, has revealed the pyramid’s unique design. Built in a square formation, the mausoleum consists of step-like layers that give it a distinct pyramidal shape. Its dimensions—roughly 65 feet by 98 feet—mark it as one of the largest known burial structures of its kind.

Despite its relatively modest height of just 5 feet, the pyramid’s significance extends far beyond its physical form. It stands as a testament to a society that wielded influence through trade and technological advancements. The careful construction and scale of the monument suggest it was built to honor a figure of considerable status.

Cinar points out that the construction of such a colossal pyramid during the Bronze Age, especially in the arid steppe region, reflects the advanced artistic and spiritual achievements of the Begazy-Dandibay society. The pyramid's intricate construction and use of cut stones demonstrate a rich cultural heritage.

Archaeologists exploring the interior of the Karazhartas pyramid have made several intriguing discoveries. At the heart of the mausoleum lies a sarcophagus structure, surrounded by granite stones. Inside the sarcophagus, researchers unearthed the skull of a local ruler, providing a fascinating glimpse into the identity of the individual interred within.

In one section of the upper burial chamber, archaeologists came across a bronze arrowhead and a mysterious pottery fragment. Additionally, animal bones were found scattered throughout the burial chamber and the step-like layers of the pyramid, suggesting their use in traditional steppe tribal ceremonies. These artifacts affirm the high social status of the individual buried here.

To determine the age of the Pyramid of Karazhartas, scientists from Queen's University in the United Kingdom conducted a detailed analysis of organic materials found at the site. The results of their research indicate that the pyramid dates back to the 15th-14th centuries B.C., firmly situating it within the Late Bronze Age.

Beyond the pyramid's impressive stature, the archaeological team uncovered evidence of a proto-city settlement named Kent in close proximity to the mausoleum. This settlement, sprawling across an area of 15 hectares, presents a fascinating window into the urbanization of the Begazy-Dandibay culture.

Kent was characterized by labyrinthine gates, ditches, and protective walls, underscoring a well-planned urban layout. The settlement boasted an organized street network and efficient water collection systems, indicative of an advanced society. Adjacent to Kent, archaeologists stumbled upon special sacrificial altars used for making ceremonial offerings to the gods.

Intriguingly, Cinar explains that the rituals of the Bronze Age inhabitants of Kazakhstan involved offerings to celestial bodies like the sun and the moon, as well as to fire and protective "ongun" spirits. These religious practices shed light on the spiritual beliefs and cultural traditions of the Begazy-Dandibay culture.

The discoveries at the Pyramid of Karazhartas offer a wealth of information about the historical identity, cultural connections, and socioeconomic structure of the Begazy-Dandibay culture. This enigmatic society, once hidden beneath the sands of time, is now emerging as a pivotal civilization in Central Asia's ancient history.

The Pyramid of Karazhartas stands as a testament to the remarkable achievements of the Begazy-Dandibay culture, revealing their sophisticated burial practices and urbanization. This archaeological find has not only unlocked the secrets of an ancient civilization but has also added a new chapter to the rich tapestry of Central Asia's past.

As researchers continue to delve deeper into the mysteries of this ancient culture, we can anticipate further revelations that will illuminate the history of this fascinating region.

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